Таблица. Некоторые исторические факты развития эндокринологии за последние 100 лет = Some landmarks in endocrinology over the last 100 years or so. Перевести на русский язык = Translate into Russian Модификация: Holt R.I.G., Neil A., Eds. Essential Endocrinology and Diabetes. 6th ed., Wiley, 2012, 390 p., см.: Физиология человека: Литература. Иллюстрации.
№	Дата	Открытия
1	1905	First use of the term ‘hormone’ by Starling in the Croonian Lecture at the Royal College of Physicians
2	1909	Cushing removed part of the pituitary and saw improvement in acromegaly
3	1914	Kendall isolated an iodine-containing substance from the thyroid
4	1921	Banting and Best extracted insulin from islet cells of dog pancreas and used it to lower blood sugar
5	Early 1930s	Pitt-Rivers and Harrington determined the structure of the thyroid hormone, thyroxine
6	1935–40	Crystallization of testosterone
7	1935–40	Identification of oestrogen and progesterone
8	1940s	Harris recognized the relationship between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
9	1952	Gross and Pitt-Rivers identified tri-iodothyronine in human serum
10	1955	The Schally and Guillemin laboratories showed that extracts of hypothalamus stimulated adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) release
11	1956	Doniach, Roitt and Campbell associated antithyroid antibodies with some forms of hypothyroidism – the first description of an autoimmune phenomenon
12	1950s	Adams and Purves identified thyroid stimulatory auto-antibodies Gonadectomy and transplantation experiments by Jost led to the discovery of the role for testosterone in rabbit sexual development
13	1955	Sanger reported the primary structure of insulin
14	1957	Growth hormone was used to treat short stature in patients
15	1966	First transplant of human pancreas to treat type 1 diabetes by Kelly, Lillehei, Goetz and Merkel at the University of Minnesota
16	1969	Hodgkin reported the three-dimensional crystallographic structure of insulin
17	1969–71	Discovery of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by Schally’s and Guillemin’s groups
18	1973	Discovery of somatostatin by the group of Guillemin
19	1981–2	Discovery of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and growth hormonereleasing hormone (GHRH) by Vale
20	1994	Identification of leptin by Friedman and colleagues
21	1994	First transplantation of pancreatic islets to treat type 1 diabetes by Pipeleers and colleagues in Belgium
22	1999	Discovery of ghrelin by Kangawa and colleagues
23	1999	Sequencing of the human genome – publication of the DNA code for chromosome 22
24	2000	Advanced islet transplantation using modified immunosuppression by Shapiro and colleagues to treat type 1 diabetes

Таблица. Межклеточная передача биоактивных веществ. Способы реализации нейрогуморальных средств управления. Перевести на русский язык = Translate into Russian Модификация: Gardner D.G., Shoback D.M., Eds. Greenspan's Basic & Clinical Endocrinology. 9th ed., Lange, 2011, 960 p., см.: Физиология человека: Литература. Иллюстрации.
№	Способ передачи	Gap junctions	Synaptic	Paracrine	Endocrine
1	Message transmission	Anatomic location	Local	Receptors	By circulating body fluids
2	Local or general	Local	Anatomic location and receptors	Locally diffuse	General
3	Specificity depends on	Directly from cell to cell	Across synaptic cleft	By diffusion in interstitial fluid	Receptors
Примечание:
2_164, 585

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